Yes, there is evidence that people had brain surgery 3,000 years ago. According to a recent study, the oldest known instance of skull surgery in North America occurred between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago in what’s now Alabama 1. The man with a hole in his forehead, who was interred in what’s now northwest Alabama between around 3,000 and 5,000 years ago, represents North America’s oldest known case of skull surgery. Damage around the man’s oval skull opening indicates that someone scraped out that piece of bone, probably to reduce brain swelling caused by a violent attack or a serious fall 1.
In addition, there are other instances of brain surgery from around the world. For example, a recent archeological find reveals that people may have been performing brain surgery as far back as 3,500 years ago in China 2. Another example is a Bronze Age grave discovered in Tel Megiddo, Israel, which revealed that the remains of a man had undergone trephination, a type of cranial surgery, 3,000 years ago 3.
Please note that these are just a few examples of ancient brain surgeries, and there may be more instances that have not yet been discovered.
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